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41.
Sawao Murao Toyokazu Nishino Yasutaro Hamagishi 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(4):887-889
An α-glucosidase was purified from sweet corn seeds by fractionation with ammonium sulfate, chromatographies on CM-Sepharose and Sepharose 4B, and gel filtrations on Sephadex G-100. The enzyme was homogeneous in disc electrophoretic analysis. The molecular weight was estimated to be about 9.6 × 104 by SDS-disc electrophoresis.The enzyme showed high activities toward maltose, nigerose, phenyl-α-maltoside, and maltooligosaccharides. The ratios of maximum velocity for maltose, nigerose, kojibiose, isomaltose, phenyl-α-glucoside, phenyl-α-maltoside, panose, turanose, and soluble starch were estimated to be 100 : 78 : 17 : 11 : 28 : 100 : 31 : 3.4 : 126, and the Km values for these substrates, 1.5 mM, 1.4 mM, 0.48 mM, 14 mM, 4.2 mM, 1.1 mM, 5.0 mM, 0.28 mM and 52mg/ml, respectively. The maximum velocity for soluble starch was high, but this α-glucan was not a favorable substrate because the Km value was also very high. The Vmax for maltooligosaccharides were somewhat dependent on the degree of polymerization (n). The Km values for substrates having four or more glucose units increased with the increase in n. 相似文献
42.
43.
A field study was carried out for 6 wks to assess, from both an efficiency and economic perspective, the effect of individual and integrated success of feeding and topical applications of two formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) in controlling house fly (Musca domestica L.) larvae and adults in poultry houses. There was no significant difference between the 1 g and 2 g L?1 spray applications of Bti. In the absence of spray applications, no significant differences in larval mortalities were observed between the 250 mg and 500 mg kg?1 feed applications. The percentage mortality of larvae accomplished as a result of using a combination of 250 mg kg?1Bti feed and 2 g L?1 spray applications was equivalent to that obtained as a result of combining 500 mg kg?1Bti and 1g L?1 spray applications. Treatment with Bti caused significant reductions in the emergence (up to 74%) of house fly adults compared to the control. The fact that the emergence of adult house flies was affected by Bti treatments implies that Bti has sublethal effects on house fly larvae. The cost–benefit analysis (expressed in terms of mortality of larvae growing) indicated that the most effective combination for house fly larvae and adult house fly emergence control was the 500 mg kg?1 of feed and 2 g L?1 spray application combination that resulted in 67% larval mortality and a 74% decrease in adult house fly emergence. This study presents commercial users with various alternatives for possible combinations of the two Bti formulations. 相似文献
44.
Samir Jaoua Nabil Zouari Slim Tounsi Radhouane Ellouz 《FEMS microbiology letters》1996,145(3):349-354
Abstract Three different strains of Bacillus thuringiensis , subsp. toumanoffi, sotto and kurstaki , producing parasporal inclusion crystals, have recently been isolated in Tunisia. The δ-endotoxins produced by the different strains gave distinct patterns on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Polymerase chain reaction screening of these three strains, using oligonucleotides specific for the genes cryIA, cryIII and cryIV , did not generate amplified fragment profiles characteristic of these genes. For each of the strains, the presence of one or more δ-endotoxin coding genes having partial sequence similarities to one or more genes of these three groups was found. 相似文献
45.
Recent advances in genetic engineering have provided the opportunity to induce walnut plants to produce Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner insecticidal crystal protein fragments (ICPFs) for insect control. We studied the effects of two ICPFs CryIA(b) and CrylA(c) previously shown to be encoded by the cryIA(b) and cryIA(c) genes in the B. thuringiensis strains HD-1 and HD-73, respectively. The lethal effects on larvae of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker), and the major postharvest pest Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), were investigated. Both proteins were toxic to the three species tested. Indianmeal moth larvae were the most susceptible and navel orangeworm the least; CryIA(b) was generally more toxic to navel orangeworm. Similar relationships resulted when ICPFs were incorporated into the diet. Both ICPFs caused decreased rate of development of navel orangeworm. Effects on pupal weight occurred only at the highest concentration (100 ng/cm2). Neither ICPF affected frequency of mating or fecundity. In addition to the lethal effects, the extended development times observed could have considerable effects on the population dynamics of the navel orangeworm and possibly other species. 相似文献
46.
Stephen J. Assinder Lisa V.J. Eynstone R. Peter Shellis George H. Dibdin 《FEMS microbiology letters》1995,134(2-3):287-292
Abstract The pac gene encoding the penicillin G acylase (PGA) of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14945 has been cloned in Escherichia coli HB101 ( proA, leuB ) using a selective minimal medium containing phenylacetyl-L-leucine instead of L-leucine. The nucleotide sequence of this gene has been determined and contains an open reading frame of 2406 nucleotides. The deduced amino acid sequence shows significant similarity with other β-lactam acylases. Although the PGA of B. megaterium is extracellular, the enzyme produced in E. coli appears to have a cytoplasmic localization. 相似文献
47.
Jayapal Subramaniam Kalimuthu Kovendan Palanisamy Mahesh Kumar Kadarkarai Murugan William Walton 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2012,19(4):503-509
The bio-efficacy of Aloe vera leaf extract and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus sphaericus larvicidal activity was assessed against the first to fourth instars larvae of Aedes aegypti, under the laboratory conditions. The plant material was shade dried at room temperature and powdered coarsely. A. vera and B. sphaericus show varied degrees of larvicidal activity against various instars larvae of A. aegypti. The LC50 of A. vera against the first to fourth instars larvae were 162.74, 201.43, 253.30 and 300.05 ppm and the LC90 442.98, 518.86, 563.18 and 612.96 ppm, respectively. B. sphaericus against the first to fourth instars larvae the LC50 values were 68.21, 79.13, 93.48, and 107.05 ppm and the LC90 values 149.15, 164.67, 183.84, and 201.09 ppm, respectively. However, the combined treatment of A. vera + B. sphaericus (1:2) material shows highest larvicidal activity of the LC50 values 54.80, 63.11, 74.66 and 95.10 ppm; The LC90 values of 145.29, 160.14, 179.74 and 209.98 ppm, against A. aegypti in all the tested concentrations than the individuals and clearly established that there is a substantial amount of synergist act. The present investigation clearly exhibits that both A. vera and B. sphaericus materials could serve as a potential larvicidal agent. Since, A. aegypti is a container breeder vector mosquito this user and eco-friendly and low-cost vector control strategy could be a viable solution to the existing dengue disease burden. Therefore, this study provides first report on the mosquito larvicidal activity the combined effect of A. vera leaf extract and B. sphaericus against as target species of A. aegypti. 相似文献
48.
The location of the dissimilatory nitrite reductase and orientation of its reducing site of the Grampositive denitrifier, Bacillus firmus NIAS 237 were examined. Approximately 90% of the total dissimilatory nitrite reductase activity with ascorbate-reduced phenazine methosulfate (PMS) as the electron donor was on the protoplast membrane. Nitrite induced with intact Bacillus cells an alkalinization in the external medium, followed by acidification. The electron transfer inhibitor, 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide, which blocked nitrite reduction with endogenous substrates, inhibited the acidification, but not the alkalinization. Alkalinization was not affected with ascorbate-reduced PMS as the artificial electron donor. This indicated that the alkalinization is not associated with proton consumption outside the cytoplasmic membrane by the extracellular nitrite reduction. The dissimilatory nitrite reductase of B. firmus NIAS 237 was located on the cytoplasmic membrane, and its reducing site is suggested to be on the inner side of this membrane.Abbreviations CCCP
carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone
- HOQNO
2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide
- PMS
phenazine methosulfate
- H+/NO
inf2
sup-
ratio
number of consumed protons in the external medium per one ion of NO
inf2
sup-
reduced 相似文献
49.
50.
H. Takami Yoshihiro Takaki Kaoru Nakasone Tokuki Sakiyama G. Maeno Rumie Sasaki Chie Hirama Fumie Fuji Noriaki Masui 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》1999,3(3):227-233
Seventeen Sse8387I linking clones isolated from the chromosome of Bacillus halodurans C-125 for the purpose of constructing a physical map were sequenced and analyzed by comparison with the BSORF database and
the nonredundant protein databank. The orientations of Sse8387I or AscI linking clones serving to join adjacent fragments were determined by southern blot analysis using specific DNA probes. One-third
of the open reading frames (ORFs) identified in the Sse8387I linking clones showed no significant similarity to any protein so far reported. The ORFs showing significant similarities
to those of Bacillus subtilis were mapped in the chromosome of strain C-125, and the locations of the putative genes on the map were not well conserved
between B. halodurans C-125 and B. subtilis.
Received: March 26, 1999 / Accepted: April 27, 1999 相似文献